What is a Critical Care Nurse? (2024)

HEALTHCARE CAREER GUIDES

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OVERVIEW

If you’ve ever been seriously ill or visited someone in the hospital who was, you’ve likely encountered a critical care nurse. Often called ICU nurses because of the unit they commonly work in, critical care nurses are highly trained to understand and provide care for people of all ages who are recovering from life-threatening illnesses or injuries.

Today, there are more thanhalf a millioncritical care nurses working in the United States. But despite that number, critical care careers continues to be in high demand thanks to the recent registered nursing shortage.

Ifyou’rethinking aboutgetting into critical care nursing, you should knowit’sboth a demanding career and a rewarding one. From a patient’s first assessment to end-of-life care,you’llbe a vital part of lifesaving treatments and actions.You’realso caring for people who are at their very worst, physically. For this reason, it takes a special kind of nurse to work incriticalcare units.

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RESPONSIBILITIES

What Does A Critical Care Nurse Do?

Critical care nursing involves working with doctors and specialists to assess, treat, and monitor critically ill patients while also providing their basic care.

A typical shift as an ICU nurse can include things like assessing a patient’s condition and starting treatment, taking vital signs, communicating with patients and their families, setting up IVs, and administering medication. Many times, patients in the ICU are ventilated or have multiple IV drips. For this reason, registered nurses in critical care unites (also known as intensive care units or ICUs) need more knowledge of equipment and charting than other registered nurses.

While thisisn’ta complete list,a day-in-the-life of a nurseprovidingcarein the ICU might look like:

  • Assessing and treating patients. It’s fairly common that a patient sees a nurse in the ICU before a doctor, so ICU nurses will be expected to assess a patient’s condition and start treatment. This could include everything from taking vital signs to dressing wounds. They'll also be in charge of monitoring a patient’s progress and reporting back to the physician.
  • Ordering diagnostic tests. Many of thecritical care patientsyouwill see on a day-to-day basis will be suffering fromsome kind of injuryor illness, which meansthey’llneed diagnostic testing.It’soften up to the critical care nurse to send orders for x-rays, EKGs, orCTscans and then go over those results with the doctor to decide on a treatment plan.
  • Acting as a patient advocate. When critical care patients are physically at their worst, the nurse's role is to be there to provide support, education, and empathy. This is done in several different ways—from helping patients make informed decisions about their health, to translating complex medical terms, to acting as a liaison between patients and their doctor.
  • Monitoring medical equipment. Many critical care patients will be set up on cardiac monitors or ventilators, so their nurse will be the one in charge of setting up those machines and regularly monitoring and tracking a patient’s progress.

EDUCATION & BEST DEGREES

How to Become a Critical Care Nurse?

Step One: Become a registered nurse.

The first step in becoming a critical care nurse is completing abachelor’s degreein nursing. Most programs take four years for full-time students to complete. However, students who’ve already completed an associate nursing degree can apply to RN-to-BSN programs that let working nurses earn bachelor’s degrees in less time.

Step Two: Earn your critical care nursing licensure.

After earning your degree, you’ll be required to pass the NCLEX-RN exam and meet your otherstate’s other requirementsto be eligible for nursing licensure. This exam is a computer-generated test that’s offered by the American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACN). The NCLEX-RN is divided up into four categories and six subcategories that cover the foundations of nursing practice and measure nursing competency.

Step Three: Get certified as a critical care nurse.

Nurses who want to establish their knowledge for nursing critically ill or injured patients should obtain the CCRN certification from the AACN. To be eligible for this exam, you’ll need to meet one of the following:

  • Practice as an RN or APRN (advanced practice registered nurse) for 1,750 hours in direct care of acutely or critically ill patients during the past two years. 875 of these hours must be accrued in the year preceding application.

  • Practice as an RN or APRN for at least five years with a minimum of 2,000 hours in direct care of acutely or critically ill patients. 144 of these hours must be accrued in the year preceding application.

Step Four: Explore additional certifications and education.

After working as a critical care nurse, you might decide to pursue amaster’s degreeor post-master's certificate in nursing. Or you may choose to earn specialty certifications depending on what type of patients you enjoy working with most.

These additional certifications could include:

  • CMC: providing care to critically ill cardiac patients

  • CSC: providing care to critically ill cardiac surgery patients

  • ACNPC-AG: providing care for very sick geriatric patients

Best Degrees for aCritical Care Nurse

Nursing (Prelicensure) – B.S.

A one-of-a-kind nursing program that prepares you to be an RN and a...

A one-of-a-kind nursing program that prepares you to be an RN and a baccalaureate-prepared nurse:

  • Locations:Due to in-person clinical requirements, students must be full time residents ofFL, GA, ID, IN, IA, KS, KY, NE, NV, NM, NC, OH, OK, SC, TN, TX, UT to enroll in this program. The coursework in this program is offered online, but there are in-person requirements.
  • Tuition:$6,430 per 6-month term for the first 4 terms of pre-nursing coursework and $8,755 per 6-month term for the remaining 4 terms of clinical nursing coursework.
  • Time:This program has a set pace and an expected completion time of 4 years. Certain coursework may be accelerated to finish faster.
  • WGU offers the prelicensure program in areas where we have partnerships with healthcare employers to provide practice sites and clinical coaches to help teach you and inspire you on your path to becoming a nurse.
  • If you don't live in one of our prelicensure states or don't qualify to apply, consider getting ourBachelor's in Health and Human Servicesinstead. This degree allows you to work inside the healthcare industry, while also working directly with patients who need help.

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Nursing – Leadership & Management (BSN-to-MSN) – M.S.

For registered nurses with a bachelor's degree who are ready for...

For registered nurses with a bachelor's degree who are ready for additional career opportunities.

  • Time: 68% of grads finish within 24 months.
  • Tuition: $4,795per 6-month term.
  • Courses: 15 total courses in this program.

This program is ideal for current RNs who have a BSN and are ready for the next step in their education.

Sample careers and jobs this degree program will prepare you for:

  • Director of Nursing
  • Chief Nursing Officer
  • Quality Director
  • Clinical Nurse Leader
  • Project Manager

The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects employment of medical and health services managers to grow 17% by 2024, much faster than the average for all occupations.

Compare degrees

This program is not the only degree WGU offers designed to create leaders in the field of healthcare. Compare our health leadership degrees.

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Nursing (RN-to-BSN Online) – B.S.

An online BSN degree program for registered nurses (RNs) seeking the added...

An online BSN degree program for registered nurses (RNs) seeking the added theoretical depth, employability, and respect that a bachelor's degree brings:

  • Time: 77% of graduates finish within 24 months.
  • Tuition:$4,685 per 6-month term.
  • Courses: 23 total courses in this program.
  • Transfers: Students can transfer up to 90 credits.

With over 35,000 BSN alumni, this is one of WGU's most popular online degree programs. View our RN to BSN degree guide.If you are an RN ready to earn your BSN, this program will help you accelerate to earn your degree.

If you don't currently have an RN and don't qualify for your nursing prelicensure program, consider getting our Bachelor's in Health and Human Servicesinstead. This degree allows you to work inside the healthcare industry in a unique way.

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Nursing Leadership and Management – Post-Master's Certificate

A certificate for registered nurses with a master's degree in nursing who...

A certificate for registered nurses with a master's degree in nursing who are ready for greater responsibility in a leadership and management role.

  • Time: 12 months.
  • Tuition:$4,795 per 6-month term. The cost to sit for the NAHQ Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality (CPHQ) exam is included in tuition.
  • Courses: 8 total courses in this program.

Sample careers and jobs this degree program will prepare you for:

  • Director of Nursing
  • Chief Nursing Officer
  • Quality Director
  • Clinical Nurse Leader
  • Project Manager

The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects employment of medical and health services managers to grow 17% by 2024, much faster than the average for all occupations.

More Details

Nursing – Leadership & Management (RN-to-MSN) – M.S.

This program for RNs includes a BSN component and is a substantial leap...

This program for RNs includes a BSN component and is a substantial leap toward becoming a nurse leader.

  • Time: 75% of RN-to-MSN grads finish within 42 months.
  • Tuition:$4,685 per 6-month term during undergraduate portion and $4,795 per 6-month term during graduate portion.
  • Courses: 32 total courses in this program.

Some careers and jobs this degree will prepare you for:

  • Director of Nursing
  • Chief Nursing Officer
  • Quality Director
  • Clinical Nurse Leader
  • Project Manager

If you're driven to lead, this online nursing degree will provide you everything needed to make that career a reality. This program is ideal for current RNs who are interested in earning both their BSn and MSN in an accelerated program.

Compare degrees

This program is not the only degree WGU offers designed to create leaders in the field of healthcare. Compare our health leadership degrees.

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How Much Does aCritical Care Nurse Make?

$81,220

Critical care nurses are often paid higher than other nurses because of their specialized training. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reports that the median average salary for RNs was$81,220in 2022.

What Is the Projected Job Growth?

6%

The BLS also predicts the demand for RNs, which includes critical care nurses, is expected togrow by 6%from 2022 to 2032, faster than the average for all occupations. This growth is fueled by increasing rates of chronic conditions such as diabetes and obesity, the aging population, and an increase in emerging diseases like COVID-19.

SKILLS

What Skills Does a Critical Care Nurse Need?

Being a nurse in an intensive care unit is a demanding position—both physically and mentally. The physical demands might include working on your feet for long shifts, transporting patients by pushing or pulling wheelchairs, and lifting patients as needed. You’ll also be constantly monitoring highly unstable and at-risk patients, so strong analytical skills and the ability to make quick decisions under pressure is a must.

To be successful working in critical care you’ll need a mix of clinical and non-clinical skills. Some of these include:

  • Understanding medical technology and equipment
  • Strong knowledge of anatomy and physiology
  • The ability to create and implement patient care plans
  • Understanding how to use various medical devices, such as catheters and feeding tubes
  • In-depth knowledge of medications, including side effects and dosing calculations
  • Operating life support systems
  • Understanding patient safety and privacy rules and regulations
  • Good communication skills and the ability to work well in a team environment
  • Strong organizational skills and the ability to prioritize
  • Comfortably handling end-of-life situations

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What is a Critical Care Nurse? (2024)

FAQs

What is a Critical Care Nurse? ›

A critical care nurse provides specialized care to patients who are critically ill or suffer from life-threatening injuries that require advanced care in ICUs, emergency rooms, neonatal ICUs, pediatric ICUs, cardiac care units, cardiac catheter labs, telemetry units, progressive units, and recovery rooms.

What is the role of a critical care nurse? ›

A typical shift as an ICU nurse can include things like assessing a patient's condition and starting treatment, taking vital signs, communicating with patients and their families, setting up IVs, and administering medication. Many times, patients in the ICU are ventilated or have multiple IV drips.

Is a critical care nurse the same as an ER nurse? ›

While ER nurses stabilize patients, ICU nurses work to treat and transfer critically ill patients to step-down units. ICU patients often require more specialized care than ER patients. Find out the differences and similarities between ER nurses vs. ICU nurses.

How long does it take to be a critical care nurse? ›

To work as an ICU nurse, you must first become an RN by graduating with an ADN or BSN from an accredited nursing program. You'll then get your licensure by passing the NCLEX-RN exam. Next, you'll need to gain at least two years of nursing experience in a position that specializes in intensive care nursing.

Is critical care the same as ICU? ›

Critical care is medical care for people who have life-threatening injuries and illnesses. It usually takes place in an intensive care unit (ICU). A team of specially-trained health care providers gives you 24-h care.

What is the highest paying nurse? ›

According to Medscape's 2022 APRN Compensation Report, CRNAs earn, on average, $217,000 annually, making this specialty the highest-paid nursing job.

What is the difference between ICU and critical care nurses? ›

There's no difference between intensive care and critical care units. They both specialize in monitoring and treating patients who need 24-hour care.

What is the hardest ICU to work in nurse? ›

CVICU nursing might be described as hard because it requires a very specialized knowledge set and demands a high level of critical thinking. Other critical care units also require these skills, but there is a stereotype that cardiothoracic critical care nurses are especially intense and passionate about their work.

What is the difference between ICU and CCU? ›

The ICU is the Intensive Care Unit and the CCU is the Cardiac/Coronary Care Unit. They are both intensive care units for patients who need to be cared for by the critical care team.

Is ICU more serious than ER? ›

The emergency room is used as a general entry point into the hospital, where patients are stabilized, diagnosed, and then assigned to different levels of care. The ICU provides care at the highest level to patients who are in critical condition.

What state pays critical care nurses the most? ›

Highest paying cities for Registered Nurse - ICUs near United States
  • New York, NY. $2,744 per week. 739 salaries reported.
  • Phoenix, AZ. $2,325 per week. 889 salaries reported.
  • Baltimore, MD. $2,254 per week. 2.7k salaries reported.
  • Indianapolis, IN. $2,225 per week. ...
  • Houston, TX. $2,124 per week. ...
  • Show more nearby cities.

Is there a shortage of critical care nurses? ›

The current nurse shortages in the ICU are not new, but have been amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. It is more than time to acknowledge the need for change, at all levels of the healthcare system from the individual to the institutional to the broader governmental and societal level [26].

How many patients does a critical care nurse have? ›

Because ICU patients require such constant attention, critical-care nurses are typically only caring for one or two patients at a time.

What are the 3 levels of critical care? ›

www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone
  • Level 1—Ward based care where the patient does not require organ support (for example, they may need an IV, or oxygen by face mask)
  • Level 2—High dependency unit (HDU). ...
  • Level 3—Intensive care.
May 7, 2005

Which is more serious CCU or ICU? ›

Either can be serious; depends what the patient is in for. Cardiac care unit- CCU is more aimed at the patient with cardiac related issues while Intensive Care Unit -ICU is more any medical issue typically NOT cardiac related- stroke, trauma, head injuries, severe respiratory issues, altered level of consciousness.

What is higher than ICU? ›

The ICU, MICU, and CCU are all different types of hospital units. The ICU is the most intensive and is for patients who are critically ill. The MICU is for patients with serious medical problems. The CCU is for patients who have heart problems.

What is the role of critical care nurses in end of life care? ›

The role of the nurse in this context includes: 1. Educating the family about the implications of LLST and well-being care. 2. Defending the patient against medical team decisions and/or the wishes of the family to prolong life.

Why is critical nursing important in nursing? ›

Critical thinking in nursing helps caregivers make decisions that lead to optimal patient care. In school, educators and clinical instructors introduced you to critical-thinking examples in nursing. These educators encouraged using learning tools for assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.

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